Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in Ontario

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy — HBOT for short — is a medical treatment in which you breathe pure oxygen while resting inside a comfortable, pressurized chamber. That’s the whole idea in one sentence. But the two words that make it work are pure and pressurized, so it’s worth understanding what each one does.

The air around you right now is only about one-fifth oxygen. Inside a hyperbaric chamber, you breathe oxygen that is close to 100 percent — and you breathe it at a pressure higher than the air at sea level, usually around two times normal. That combination matters. Under pressure, far more oxygen dissolves straight into the fluid part of your blood — not just the red blood cells that normally carry it. Your blood can then carry that oxygen deep into tissue that isn’t getting enough. That includes a wound that won’t heal, a bone injured by past radiation, or skin struggling to survive after surgery. Oxygen, delivered this way, is the active ingredient. It helps the body do the repair work it’s already trying to do.

That’s the part worth holding onto: HBOT is not oxygen added for a boost. It’s oxygen used as a medicine, at a dose the body can’t reach on its own.

What it is not

Because the idea sounds simple, HBOT gets marketed in places it doesn’t belong, and that creates a lot of confusion. So let’s clear the air early.

It is not an “oxygen bar,” a facial, or a wellness top-up. It is not the small, soft, zip-up “mild” chambers sold for home use. Those run at a fraction of the pressure and are a genuinely different thing — we’ll explain that difference honestly later on. And it is not a cure-all. Real hyperbaric medicine treats a specific, well-defined set of conditions. A responsible clinic will tell you plainly when it isn’t the right treatment for you. That honesty is the whole basis of trust in this field, and it’s the standard we hold ourselves to.

What HBOT genuinely is: a physician-supervised medical therapy, delivered in a certified chamber, for conditions where getting more oxygen to struggling tissue is known to help. In Ontario, a number of these conditions are recognized and covered by OHIP. Others are treated on a case-by-case basis when the evidence supports it. And some conditions that HBOT is marketed for elsewhere, we don’t treat at all — because the evidence isn’t there. This guide walks through all three groups so you can see exactly where you stand.

How this guide is laid out

You probably arrived with a specific question — what does it feel like, will it help me, does it cost anything, is it safe. We’ve ordered the guide to answer those in the order people actually ask them. The very next chapter takes you inside a session, minute by minute, because that’s the thing most people most want to picture. From there we explain how it works, what it treats, what it costs and how coverage works in Ontario, whether it’s safe, and how to get started. You can read straight through, or jump to the chapter you need from the menu.

One promise before we begin: everything in this guide is written to be understood, and everything clinical is backed by the medical evidence and reviewed by our physicians. Where the science is strong, we’ll say so. Where it isn’t, we’ll say that too.

Most people arrive with the same quiet worry: what is it actually going to be like in there? So before anything else, let’s walk through a session from the moment you arrive to the moment you leave. Once you can picture it, most of the nervousness goes away.

Getting ready (the day of)

There’s very little you have to do. Eat normally and drink water — you don’t come in hungry or fasting. Skip alcohol and tobacco for at least eight hours beforehand, because both change how your body handles oxygen. Leave the makeup, perfume, hair products, and scented lotion off that day. And plan to use the restroom right before your session, since it runs up to an hour and a half.

When you get to the clinic, you’ll change into 100 percent cotton clothing that we provide. This part isn’t fussiness — it’s fire safety. A chamber is a high-oxygen environment, and cotton is safe where synthetics, oils, and electronics are not. For the same reason, you’ll leave behind watches, jewellery, hearing aids, contact lenses, phones, lighters, and anything battery-powered. Staff will walk you through the checklist so nothing is left to memory.

Going in

Our chambers are Perry Baromedical Sigma monoplace units — “monoplace” simply means they’re built for one person, so the whole space is yours. You lie back on a padded, cushioned stretcher that slides into a clear acrylic tube. That word clear matters: you can see out the entire time, and the staff can see you. Many people expect a dark, sealed metal box and are relieved to find something closer to lying inside a bright, open window. A technician stays in contact with you the whole session, by voice and by sight. You’re never sealed away and alone.

The first ten minutes: pressurizing

Once you’re settled, the chamber slowly fills with pressure. The only thing you’ll really notice is your ears. They fill and need to “pop,” exactly like the feeling when a plane takes off or you drive down a mountain. You clear them the same way — swallow, yawn, or gently hold your nose and blow. If it’s your first time, the technician coaches you through it step by step and slows the process down if you need it. Nothing is rushed, and nothing happens that you can’t feel coming.

The main part: sixty to ninety minutes at treatment pressure

Once you’re at treatment pressure — usually somewhere between two and two-and-a-half times normal atmospheric pressure — the work happens quietly while you rest. And “rest” is the honest word for it. There is nothing to do. You can watch a movie or TV, listen to music or an audiobook, or simply close your eyes and nap. Most people find it genuinely relaxing; a fair number fall asleep. Your only job is to breathe normally and let the oxygen do its work.

The last ten minutes: coming back down

At the end, the pressure is slowly returned to normal. Your ears may register the change again, but it’s usually milder than on the way in. Then the chamber opens, and you’re done.

After

You can go straight back to your normal day — drive, work, eat, exercise. There’s no recovery period and no grogginess. HBOT works in a course of sessions rather than a single visit, and the healing it supports keeps developing quietly in the weeks and months after your last one. Your referring physician stays looped in so your follow-up care is coordinated.

That’s the whole experience. No needles, no anaesthetic, nothing you have to endure — just an hour or so of lying still and breathing, with someone watching over you the entire time.

You don’t need a science degree to understand HBOT. The whole thing rests on one simple fact about oxygen, pressure, and blood.

The one idea that explains everything

Normally, almost all the oxygen you breathe is carried by red blood cells. Those cells fill up quickly and then they’re full — breathing harder or taking extra oxygen at normal pressure doesn’t add much more. But blood is mostly fluid, and fluid can hold dissolved oxygen too, the way a sealed bottle of soda holds dissolved gas under pressure.

That’s the trick HBOT uses. When you breathe pure oxygen under increased pressure, a large amount of oxygen dissolves directly into the fluid part of your blood — far more than the red cells alone could ever carry. Your blood becomes, for that hour, unusually oxygen-rich. And because this dissolved oxygen is in the fluid, it can travel into places red blood cells struggle to reach: swollen tissue, a wound with poor circulation, bone damaged by old radiation. (This is a straightforward consequence of the physics of gases under pressure — the same principles, named after scientists like Boyle and Henry, that explain why a diver’s tank works. You don’t have to remember the names; the takeaway is simply more pressure means more oxygen delivered.)

What the extra oxygen does

Getting oxygen into oxygen-starved tissue isn’t the whole story — it’s what that oxygen then switches on. Over a course of sessions, higher oxygen levels help the body in several ways at once. They fuel the cells that rebuild tissue. They support the growth of tiny new blood vessels, so an area that was poorly supplied slowly builds its own better supply. They strengthen the immune system’s ability to fight certain infections. And they help reduce the swelling that chokes off circulation in an injured area.

None of this is instant, and it isn’t magic. It’s the body’s own repair machinery, given the one ingredient it was short of. That’s why HBOT is used for conditions defined by poor oxygen supply and stalled healing — and why it does nothing for conditions that aren’t about oxygen at all. Understanding that line is the key to the next few chapters: it explains both what HBOT genuinely treats, and what it can’t.

Here’s where honesty matters most. Hyperbaric oxygen is marketed for a dizzying list of conditions, but the list it’s genuinely proven to help is specific and well-defined. In Canada, that list is set by evidence and by regulators — not by marketing.

Health Canada recognizes a defined set of conditions for which hyperbaric oxygen is an established treatment, and it only licenses hyperbaric chambers for those recognized medical uses (Health Canada). In Ontario, treatment for qualifying conditions is covered by OHIP. At Evolve, we treat nine OHIP-covered conditions, and for each one, the specific eligibility criteria are set out in Ontario’s Schedule of Benefits.

The nine conditions we treat under OHIP

Diabetic and other chronic non-healing wounds. When a wound — often a diabetic foot ulcer — won’t close because the tissue isn’t getting enough oxygen, HBOT can support healing where standard wound care has stalled.

Failed or compromised skin grafts and flaps. When a surgical graft or flap is struggling to survive because its blood supply is poor, added oxygen can help the tissue take hold.

Thermal burns. For serious burns, HBOT can support healing and help preserve injured tissue as part of specialized burn care.

Chronic refractory osteomyelitis. This is a stubborn bone infection that keeps returning despite antibiotics and surgery. Oxygen strengthens the body’s ability to fight it and to rebuild bone.

Avascular necrosis (osteonecrosis). Here, bone tissue starts to die because it has lost its blood supply. HBOT is used to support the bone while circulation is addressed.

Radiation tissue damage. Radiation therapy for cancer can leave healthy nearby tissue damaged years later. HBOT is a well-established treatment for repairing that healthy tissue — it treats the injury from past radiation, not cancer itself.

Idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss. This is sudden, unexplained hearing loss in one ear — a medical urgency. When treated within the right window, HBOT can be part of the recovery effort.

Crohn’s disease (perianal fistulas). For this specific complication of Crohn’s — a difficult, wound-like opening near the anus — HBOT is used as a wound-healing treatment.

Filler-induced vascular occlusion. When a cosmetic dermal filler accidentally blocks a blood vessel, the skin it supplies can begin to die. This is a time-sensitive emergency, and HBOT can help rescue the affected tissue.

What “covered by OHIP” really means for you

If you’re an eligible Ontario resident with a valid health card and a qualifying diagnosis, treatment for these conditions is covered — there’s no out-of-pocket cost to you, and we handle the OHIP paperwork on your behalf. A physician referral is preferred but not required for you to be assessed. We explain exactly how coverage, referral, and eligibility work in Chapter 6.

Every condition above has its own dedicated page with the specific criteria and the evidence behind it. If your condition is on this list, that’s the place to look next — and the fastest way to find out where you stand is simply to ask us.

This is the chapter that separates a trustworthy hyperbaric clinic from a marketing operation. Not every use of HBOT is OHIP-covered, and not every use is worth offering at all. We sort them into two honest groups.

Off-label indications we do offer — carefully, and as private-pay

Some conditions sit outside the OHIP-covered list but have a real, emerging evidence base and a sound biological reason to expect benefit. We’ll consider offering HBOT for these — but only with a physician consultation, written informed consent that spells out how strong or limited the evidence is, and full transparency that the use is off-label. These are private-pay (more on that in Chapter 6).

The off-label indications we currently offer are:

• Post-concussion syndrome and mild traumatic brain injury — for persistent symptoms after a concussion.
• Long COVID — with lasting cognitive or fatigue symptoms.
• Orthopedic delayed union and non-union — fractures that are slow to heal or won’t knit.
• Post-surgical recovery support — in selected cases.
• Inflammatory bowel disease — indications beyond the OHIP-covered Crohn’s fistula, such as ulcerative colitis flares.
• Adjunctive fertility support — in carefully selected cases only, and always in conjunction with, and coordinated by, your own reproductive endocrinologist (REI). We provide HBOT purely as an adjunct to your fertility specialist’s care — never as a fertility treatment on its own.
• Athletic recovery — for high-performance athletes, only in coordination with their training staff.

For each, we’re upfront about exactly how much evidence exists — from indications supported by clinical trials to ones supported only by early observational data. You’ll always know which is which before you decide anything. You can see the full detail on our off-label indications page.

The conditions we decline — and why that should reassure you

Hyperbaric oxygen is heavily marketed for conditions where the evidence is absent, weak, or actively negative. We don’t offer it for those, no matter how often it’s requested. Health Canada is blunt about this, warning people to “be skeptical of anyone who advertises or offers hyperbaric oxygen therapy to treat conditions such as multiple sclerosis, cerebral palsy, cancer, AIDS, stroke or migraine headaches,” because “there is no scientific proof” it helps them (Health Canada).

We hold that same line. We do not treat autism, cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis, or a long list of other conditions with HBOT, because controlled research doesn’t show it helps — and in some children’s trials, it caused more side effects than benefit. And to be unmistakably clear: hyperbaric oxygen is not a treatment for cancer and does not cure it. The only cancer-related use is repairing healthy tissue damaged by past radiation, which we do treat. Our full, honest account of the conditions we won’t offer — and the evidence behind each decision — lives on our conditions we decline page.

If a clinic tells you HBOT can treat almost anything, that’s a reason for caution, not confidence.

One important exception: hospital emergencies

A few of Health Canada’s recognized HBOT indications are life-threatening emergencies — carbon monoxide poisoning, decompression sickness (“the bends”), serious flesh-eating infections, and a blocked central retinal artery, among them. These need to be treated immediately in a hospital-based hyperbaric unit, not an outpatient clinic. We don’t treat them at Evolve; if you’re facing one, you belong in an emergency setting such as Toronto General, Hamilton, or Ottawa. Recognizing that line is part of practising responsibly.

Cost is usually the question people are most nervous to ask, and the one they get the vaguest answers to. We’ll be direct.

If your condition is covered by OHIP

For the nine OHIP-covered conditions in Chapter 4, the answer is simple: if you’re an eligible Ontario resident with a valid health card and a qualifying diagnosis, there is no out-of-pocket cost to you. OHIP covers your treatment. You don’t file anything or chase paperwork — we manage the OHIP documentation on your behalf. That’s the whole arrangement, with nothing hidden underneath it.

A physician referral is preferred but isn’t required just to be assessed. If you have a referral, bring it. If you don’t, our hyperbaric physicians can assess you directly and coordinate with your family doctor or specialist from there.

If your condition is off-label (private-pay)

The off-label indications in Chapter 5 aren’t covered by OHIP, so they’re private-pay. A price list on a page can’t account for your situation — how many sessions you’d need, your particular condition, or your coverage. So we’d rather talk it through with you directly. Contact us, and we’ll walk you through exactly what your treatment would involve and what it would cost. No surprises, and no pressure.

We’ll also attempt to work with your insurance. Some private and extended-benefit plans cover HBOT for certain off-label uses. If you have coverage that might apply, we’ll help you understand it and work with your plan wherever we can. Some patients are also covered through WSIB for work-related conditions, and we can help you navigate that pathway too.

Why we don’t publish prices

It’s a fair question. A number on a webpage tends to mislead more than it informs. It can’t know your condition, your session count, or your coverage. And it invites the kind of quick comparison that sends people to the wrong clinic for the wrong reason. What you actually need is a clear answer for your situation, and the fastest way to get one is a short conversation with a care coordinator. That’s a promise we can keep; a price tag on a page isn’t.

Hyperbaric oxygen is a well-established, generally very safe medical treatment when it’s done properly — in a licensed chamber, under physician supervision, for the right reasons. But “generally very safe” is not the same as “risk-free,” and any clinic that tells you there are no risks isn’t being straight with you. Here’s the honest picture.

The common, minor effects

The most common effect is ear or sinus discomfort from the pressure change — the same “won’t pop” feeling you can get on a plane, and it’s managed the same way, by clearing your ears during pressurization. Some people notice a temporary change in their eyesight, usually becoming a little more short-sighted over a course of treatment; this typically drifts back to normal in the weeks after treatment ends. A few people feel anxious in an enclosed space, though our clear, single-person chambers with a technician in constant contact make this much easier. These effects are usually mild and manageable.

The rare, serious ones

More serious effects are uncommon but real. Breathing oxygen at pressure can, rarely, trigger a seizure from oxygen toxicity; it passes when the oxygen is reduced and does not mean you have epilepsy. Significant pressure injury to the ears, sinuses, or — very rarely — the lungs is possible. This is exactly why physician supervision and a properly run, licensed facility matter so much: the setting is designed to prevent these and to respond immediately if anything arises.

Who should not have HBOT, or should be assessed with extra care

HBOT isn’t right for everyone. An untreated collapsed lung (pneumothorax) is a firm reason not to proceed until it’s addressed. Certain chemotherapy drugs don’t mix with hyperbaric oxygen. A recent cold, congestion, sinus infection, or fever can make pressurizing your ears difficult and may mean postponing. If you have a pacemaker or other implanted device, it needs to be confirmed as safe for the chamber’s pressure first. Pregnancy, some lung conditions, recent ear surgery, and a few medications all call for careful review. None of this is meant to alarm you — it’s the reason every patient is medically assessed before a first session. That assessment exists precisely to catch these situations.

The safety point that matters most

Nearly every serious safety problem associated with “hyperbaric therapy” traces back to unlicensed equipment used outside medical supervision — which is the subject of the next chapter. Genuine medical HBOT, in a Health-Canada-licensed chamber with trained staff and a physician overseeing your care, has a strong safety record built over decades. The single most important safety decision you make is where you have it done.

Not all hyperbaric chambers are the same, and the differences matter for both your results and your safety.

Monoplace vs. multiplace: the two medical chamber types

A monoplace chamber is built for one person. The entire chamber fills with pure oxygen under pressure, and you breathe it simply by breathing normally. These are the chambers we use at Evolve — clear-walled Perry Baromedical Sigma units — and for most outpatient treatment they’re comfortable, private, and effective.

A multiplace chamber is a larger room that holds several patients at once, who breathe oxygen through a mask or hood while the room itself is pressurized with air. These are typically found in hospitals and are used for emergencies and for patients who need close medical support during treatment. Both types are legitimate medical equipment; the choice between them depends on the condition and the setting.

The “mild” or soft chamber: an honest warning

You’ll also see small, soft-sided, zip-up chambers marketed for home or wellness use, often called “mild hyperbaric oxygen therapy.” Here we have to be blunt, because your safety is at stake: these are not a useful or evidence-based treatment, and we don’t consider them real hyperbaric medicine.

There are two problems. First, they don’t do what medical HBOT does. They reach only a fraction of the pressure, and most don’t deliver pure oxygen at all — so the whole mechanism described in Chapter 3, the part that actually drives healing, largely doesn’t happen. Second, they aren’t approved. Health Canada has not licensed a single soft-shelled hyperbaric device, meaning none has been “evaluated for safety, quality and effectiveness,” and it warns that manufacturers “have provided no evidence” that these devices effectively treat any medical condition (Health Canada advisory). The same advisory flags real dangers, including fire or explosion in a high-oxygen environment, infection from cross-contamination, and pressure injury to the ears, eyes, sinuses, lungs, and teeth.

In plain terms: a soft chamber gives you the risks of pressurized oxygen without the benefit that makes those risks worth taking. If someone offers you “mild HBOT” for a serious condition, that’s a reason to walk away and seek proper medical hyperbaric care.

By this point you can probably tell where you stand, but here’s a simple way to think it through.

Hyperbaric oxygen is likely worth exploring if you have one of the OHIP-covered conditions in Chapter 4 — a non-healing wound, radiation tissue damage, a stubborn bone infection, sudden hearing loss, and the others — especially if standard treatment has stalled. It may be worth a careful conversation if you have one of the off-label conditions in Chapter 5 and you understand going in that the evidence is still emerging. And it is not the right treatment if what you’re hoping to treat is one of the conditions we and Health Canada decline, however appealing the marketing elsewhere may be.

What HBOT asks of you is a real commitment: it works over a course of sessions, not a single visit, so it takes time. What it offers in return is a well-established, low-discomfort treatment that can help your body heal where it’s been unable to on its own.

The one thing we’d gently push back on is the idea of deciding this from a website — any website, including ours. The right next step isn’t a purchase; it’s an assessment. A short consultation with one of our physicians will tell you honestly whether HBOT fits your situation, what a course would involve, and what to expect. If it’s not right for you, we’ll tell you that just as plainly — that’s the standard we hold, and it’s the whole reason to trust the answer when it is yes.

Getting started is more straightforward than most people expect. Here’s the path.

Step 1: Reach out or get referred

You can begin in one of two ways. If your family doctor or specialist has suggested HBOT, they can send us a referral directly — that’s the smoothest route for OHIP-covered conditions. If you don’t have a referral, you can still contact us yourself. A referral is preferred but not required simply to be assessed. Our physicians can evaluate you directly and then coordinate with your existing care team.

Step 2: Get assessed

Every patient is medically assessed before a first session. This is where a hyperbaric physician confirms whether your condition is one HBOT can help, checks the safety considerations from Chapter 7, and — for OHIP-covered conditions — confirms your eligibility. It’s also your chance to ask everything: how many sessions, what to expect, anything still on your mind. For off-label indications, this is where you’ll get the honest evidence picture and the private-pay details before you decide anything.

Step 3: Start your course

If HBOT is right for you, we schedule your sessions and handle the OHIP paperwork where it applies. From there it’s the routine you read about in Chapter 2: arrive, change into cotton, relax in the chamber for an hour or so, and carry on with your day.

What to bring and where we are

Bring your Ontario health card, your referral if you have one, and a list of your medications and health conditions. Evolve operates six physician-supervised clinics across Ontario, so there’s a good chance one is reasonably close to you. The simplest first move is to check your eligibility or call a care coordinator — a short conversation will tell you exactly what your situation calls for.

Not all hyperbaric clinics are alike, and because this is your health and often your money, it’s worth knowing how to tell them apart. Here’s what genuinely matters.

Is it physician-supervised? Hyperbaric oxygen is a medical treatment, and it should be overseen by physicians trained in hyperbaric medicine — not offered as a walk-in wellness service. Ask who supervises your care and what their qualifications are.

Is the equipment licensed? A real clinic uses hard-shelled chambers licensed by Health Canada. You can verify a device’s licensing through Health Canada’s Medical Devices Active Licence Listing. If a place is using soft, zip-up chambers, that’s an immediate red flag, for all the reasons in Chapter 8.

Are they honest about what HBOT can’t do? This is the clearest signal of all. A trustworthy clinic will tell you plainly which conditions it won’t treat and why. A clinic that claims HBOT helps almost anything — autism, cancer, “detox,” anti-aging — is telling you something important about itself. Health Canada’s own advice is to be skeptical of exactly those claims.

Do they explain cost and coverage clearly? You should get a straight answer about OHIP coverage, private-pay, and insurance — not vague reassurance and not pressure to commit on the spot.

Do they insist on assessing you first? A proper clinic won’t sell you a package before a physician has confirmed HBOT is appropriate and safe for you. If someone will book you a course of sessions without an assessment, be cautious.

You’ll notice these aren’t Evolve talking points so much as a checklist any good hyperbaric clinic should pass. We’re confident in how we measure up — but more than that, we’d rather you choose any clinic wisely than choose the wrong one quickly.

Does hyperbaric oxygen therapy hurt? No. The only sensation most people notice is their ears needing to “pop” during pressurization, just like on a plane, which you clear by swallowing or yawning. There are no needles and no anaesthetic. Most people find the session itself relaxing.

How many sessions will I need? It depends entirely on your condition. HBOT works as a course of treatments rather than a single visit, and your physician will explain the expected number at your assessment. Some conditions need a couple of dozen sessions; others differ.

Is it claustrophobic? Our chambers are single-person and made of clear acrylic, so you can see out the whole time, and a technician stays in contact with you by voice and sight throughout. Many people who expected a sealed metal box are relieved by how open it feels. If enclosed spaces worry you, tell us — we can help.

Can I drive myself home afterward? Yes. There’s no sedation and no recovery period. You can drive, work, and go about your day immediately after a session.

Do I need a referral? A referral is preferred but not required to be assessed. If you have one, bring it. If not, our physicians can assess you directly and coordinate with your care team.

Is it covered by OHIP? For nine specific conditions, yes — with no out-of-pocket cost to eligible Ontario residents who have a valid health card and a qualifying diagnosis. We handle the OHIP paperwork. Off-label uses are private-pay, and we’ll attempt to work with your insurance where coverage may apply.

What should I wear? Nothing special — you’ll change into 100 percent cotton clothing we provide, for fire safety. Skip makeup, perfume, and scented products that day, and you’ll remove jewellery, electronics, and similar items before going in.

Can hyperbaric oxygen treat cancer? No. HBOT is not a cancer treatment and does not cure cancer. The only cancer-related use is repairing healthy tissue damaged by past radiation therapy, which we do treat.

Is “mild” or home hyperbaric therapy the same thing? No. Soft, zip-up “mild” chambers are not a useful or evidence-based treatment, none are licensed by Health Canada, and they carry real safety risks. They are not a substitute for medical HBOT.

Is it safe for older adults? Age itself isn’t a barrier. What matters is your overall health and the specific safety considerations a physician checks at your assessment, such as heart and lung conditions and implanted devices.

How soon will I notice results? HBOT supports healing that continues developing for weeks and even months after your final session, so it’s rarely an overnight change. Your physician will set realistic expectations for your specific condition.

This guide is for general education. It doesn’t replace an individual medical assessment, and it doesn’t create a physician–patient relationship. Decisions about your care should be made with a qualified physician.

Medically reviewed by Dr. Vik Agarwal, MD, CCFP, FRCPC, CAQ-HP, and Dr. Seema Agarwal, MD, CCFP, CAQ-HP. Last reviewed: July 2026 · Next scheduled review: July 2027.

Selected sources

1. Health Canada. Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy — recognized indications, medical-device licensing, and cautions on unproven uses. canada.ca
2. Health Canada. Unauthorized soft-shelled hyperbaric chambers may pose serious health risks — advisory. recalls-rappels.canada.ca
3. Undersea & Hyperbaric Medical Society. Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Indications — approved indications list. uhms.org
4. U.S. Food & Drug Administration. Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy: Get the Facts — consumer safety communication on unproven marketing. fda.gov
5. Ontario Ministry of Health. Schedule of Benefits — eligibility criteria for OHIP-insured hyperbaric oxygen therapy.

Evidence summaries reflect the state of the literature and regulatory guidance at the time of last review.